Detailed Antibiotic Information

Amoxicillin

Class: Aminopenicillin

Dosing: 500mg–1g PO q8h

Coverage: Gram +

Notes: Better oral absorption than ampicillin

Cephalexin

Class: 1st Gen Cephalosporin

Dosing: 500mg PO q6h

Coverage: Gram +

Notes: Excellent for skin/soft tissue infections

Clindamycin

Class: Lincosamide

Dosing: 300–450mg PO q6h

Coverage: Gram + Anaerobes MRSA

Notes: Good anaerobic and MRSA coverage

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate

Class: β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor

Dosing: 875/125mg PO q12h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Anaerobes

Notes: Covers β-lactamase producing organisms

Ceftriaxone

Class: 3rd Gen Cephalosporin

Dosing: 1–2g IV daily

Coverage: Gram +Gram -

Notes: Long half-life, good CNS penetration

Azithromycin

Class: Macrolide

Dosing: 500mg day 1, then 250mg daily ×4

Coverage: Gram +Atypicals

Notes: Excellent for atypical pneumonia

Vancomycin

Class: Glycopeptide

Dosing: 15–20mg/kg IV q8–12h

Coverage: Gram +MRSA

Notes: Gold standard for MRSA

Linezolid

Class: Oxazolidinone

Dosing: 600mg IV/PO q12h

Coverage: Gram +MRSAVRE

Notes: Covers MRSA and VRE

Metronidazole

Class: Nitroimidazole

Dosing: 500mg IV/PO q8h

Coverage: Anaerobes

Notes: Excellent anaerobic coverage

Cefuroxime

Class: 2nd Gen Cephalosporin

Dosing: 750mg–1.5g IV q8h

Coverage: Gram + Gram -

Notes: Good for respiratory tract infections

Ciprofloxacin

Class: Fluoroquinolone

Dosing: 400mg IV q12h or 500mg PO q12h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas Atypicals

Notes: Good Pseudomonas coverage

Aztreonam

Class: Monobactam

Dosing: 1–2g IV q6–8h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: β-lactam safe in penicillin allergy, Gram-negative only

Amikacin

Class: Aminoglycoside

Dosing: 15mg/kg IV daily

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Resistant to most aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes

Piperacillin/Tazobactam

Class: Antipseudomonal Penicillin

Dosing: 4.5g IV q6h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Pseudomonas Anaerobes

Notes: Broad coverage including Pseudomonas

Cefepime

Class: 4th Gen Cephalosporin

Dosing: 2g IV q8–12h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Antipseudomonal cephalosporin

Meropenem

Class: Carbapenem

Dosing: 1g IV q8h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Pseudomonas Anaerobes

Notes: Reserve for serious infections

Levofloxacin

Class: Respiratory Fluoroquinolone

Dosing: 750mg IV/PO daily

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Atypicals

Notes: Good respiratory and atypical coverage

Daptomycin

Class: Lipopeptide

Dosing: 6–10mg/kg IV daily

Coverage: Gram + MRSA VRE

Notes: Not for pneumonia (surfactant inactivation)

Imipenem/Cilastatin

Class: Carbapenem

Dosing: 500mg IV q6h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Pseudomonas Anaerobes

Notes: Very broad spectrum, seizure risk

Tigecycline

Class: Glycylcycline

Dosing: 100mg IV loading, then 50mg q12h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - Anaerobes Atypicals MRSA

Notes: Reserved for MDR infections, not for Pseudomonas

Colistin

Class: Polymyxin

Dosing: 5mg/kg loading, then 2.5mg/kg q12h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Last resort for MDR Gram-negatives, nephrotoxic

Polymyxin B

Class: Polymyxin

Dosing: 1.5–2.5mg/kg/day divided q12h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Alternative to colistin, less nephrotoxic

Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

Class: Anti-pseudomonal Cephalosporin

Dosing: 1.5g IV q8h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Excellent anti-Pseudomonas activity

Ceftazidime/Avibactam

Class: Cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor

Dosing: 2.5g IV q8h

Coverage: Gram - Pseudomonas

Notes: Active against KPC-producing organisms

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

Class: Folate antagonist

Dosing: 8–12mg/kg/day (TMP) q6–12h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - MRSA

Notes: Good for MRSA, Stenotrophomonas, PCP

Doxycycline

Class: Tetracycline

Dosing: 100mg PO/IV q12h

Coverage: Gram + Atypicals

Notes: Good for atypicals, some community MRSA

Ceftaroline

Class: 5th Gen Cephalosporin

Dosing: 600mg IV q12h

Coverage: Gram + Gram - MRSA

Notes: MRSA-active cephalosporin

Tedizolid

Class: Oxazolidinone

Dosing: 200mg IV/PO daily

Coverage: Gram + MRSA VRE

Notes: Alternative to linezolid, less toxicity